It's a pretty safe bet that if you're reading this you're
using something containing a printed circuit board. It's also fair to say,
however, that the average person doesn't really know what they are. Basically,
a printed circuit board or PCB is thin piece of board built from fibreglass or
a similar substance, often a green colour.
My first experience of them, and that of most inquisitive
youngsters, was when I ripped them out of discarded appliances in order to,
rather optimistically, build a robot. That seems an age ago but, incredibly,
this modern marvel started out in the 1940s. Many revisions have passed since
that time and PCBs have improved substantially since that time. Of course, the
biggest improvements have been to ensure they are considerably smaller than
they used to be, and this is most evident in that most ubiquitous exponent of
printed circuit technology, the mobile phone.
More recent developments are less obvious though, one being
to veer away from the traditional flat and rigid construction; recent
technological advances mean that some new devices actually contain 'bendy'
boards made from a broad range of flexible materials.
Printed circuit boards have a starring role in the very
common electronic devices like computers and digital cameras but they are
evident in a lot of more serious applications and specialist products like
medical equipment and airplane instrumentation. Its vital that the PCB
manufacturers have very exacting standards as the PCBs are fundamental to the
safe and reliable operation of this equipment. Printed circuit boards carry the
lifeblood of the instrument within its circuitry and connectivity, ensuring the
product works in a similar way to how electricity in a home requires circuitry,
wiring and fuses etc to keep it running smoothly.
There is a notable difference, however, with PCBs in that
the board's circuits are made of conductive ink. Reputable printed circuit
board manufacturers are specialists in all stages, from the design and
prototyping to the mass production of printed circuit boards. And as shown
above, it's of great importance that they are carefully made, with a keen eye
ensuring they come off the production line error-free and manufactured to
function perfectly for many years. Because of this, the PCB designers and
engineers' jobs contain a big responsibility and it's proof of their skill and
aptitude that such intricate and delicate circuits continue to function
efficiently.
Additionally to the designer's skill, it's just as important
that machinery of the highest quality is employed in the printing of the
circuit board or the engineers work and diligence is wasted. Printed circuit
boards 'aren't just manufactured as single boards, although this is often how i
remember them as a child. They can be produced with multiple layers from two to
ten. Generally speaking, copper is the usual material for the circuit, seeing
as it's such an efficient electrical conductor.
The key function of these printed circuits is to ensure the
main processor connects to the various components within the device. A good
example is the printed circuit boards manufactured for use in computers. The
main circuit board, or motherboard, connects to the various smaller ones within
that carry out the other related functions within the computer.
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